几种常见的数据访问方法如下：

SQLServer:
url:
jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databasename=pubs
driver:com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver

Oracle:
url:
jdbc:oracle:oci8:@newer
jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.0.0.200:1521:newer  (??:jdbc:oracle:thin:@[ip]:[port]:[sid])
driver:oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver

mysql
url:
jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mysql
driver:org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver

     观察一下很轻易发现格式是相同的。注重，这里只列出来学校的三个参数，后面例子中有个详细的应用。  

    最新的 的mm.mysql驱动可以直接再www.mysql.org上下载，似乎是mysql把mm.mysql收编到了官方驱动中了。下载www.mysql.org上的jdbc驱动就可以了。

   给个实现的例子，不是我写的，不过觉得不错，有代表性。

  /*
 * Created on 2005-7-15
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated file go to
 * Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */
package com.phzhong;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 *
 * TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to
 * Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates
 */
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class DBManager {

//用户名

private String user = \"\";

//密码

private String password = \"\";

//主机

private String host = \"\";

//数据库名字

private String database = \"\";

/*

private String
url=\"jdbc:mysql://\"+host+\"/\"+\"useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312\";

*/

private String url =\"\";

private Connection con = null;

Statement stmt;

/**

* 根据主机、数据库名称、数据库用户名、数据库用户密码取得连接。

* @param host String

* @param database String

* @param user String

* @param password String

*/

public DBManager(String host, String database, String user, String password) {

this.host = host;

this.database = database;

this.user = user;

this.password = password;

//显示中文

this.url = \"jdbc:mysql://\" + host + \"/\" + database + \"?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312\";

try {

Class.forName(\"org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver\");

}

catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

System.err.println(\"class not found:\" + e.getMessage());

}

try {

con = DriverManager.getConnection(this.url, this.user, this.password);

//连接类型为ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY

stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);

}

catch (SQLException a) {

System.err.println(\"sql exception:\" + a.getMessage());

}

}

/**

* 返回取得的连接

*/

public Connection getCon() {

return con;

}

/**

* 执行一条简朴的查询语句

* 返回取得的结果集

*/

public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) {

ResultSet rs = null;

try {

rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

}

catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return rs;

}

/**

* 执行一条简朴的更新语句

* 执行成功则返回true

*/

public boolean executeUpdate(String sql) {

boolean v = false;

try {

v = stmt.executeUpdate(sql) > 0 ? true : false;

}

catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

finally {

return v;

}

}

public static void main(String[] args){
    ResultSet rs;
    DBManager exe = new DBManager(\"192.168.0.222\",\"test\",\"root\",\"111\");
  
    rs =  exe.executeQuery(\"SELECT * FROM encodingtest\");
    try{
        while(rs.next()){
            System.out.println(rs.getInt(\"sid\") + \"    \" + rs.getString(\"str\"));
           
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
           
            }
    }

}

代码可以运行。